France, 18th century. Parchment over pasteboard; sewn on five alum-tawed bands; kettle stitch; no endbands. Edges of text block decorated with red and black.
Binding: Parchment gilt over wooden boards, with crescent-and-star motif on the spine. Endbands with red and green silk secondary sewing. England, ca. 1915. Spine title: "GRADUALE. M.S. SEC. XIII."
Later binding. France, ca. 1800. Dark blue morocco over pasteboard; gold tooling along perimeter, board edges, and turn-ins; red silk pastedowns and endleaves; endbands ; edges gilt. Repaired in 1991 at the Conservation Center, Philadelphia.
France, late 16th or early 17th century. Sewn on four cords laced into a limp-parchment wrapper, with the remains of two leather ties at the fore-edge.